Amendment 20: President and vice-president's term of office begins on January 20th, and no longer in March
Section 1.
The terms of the President and the Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.
Section 2.
The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.
Section 3.
If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.
Section 4.
The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.
Section 5.
Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of this article.
Section 6.
This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission.
This amendment was important in solidifying the terms of the President and Congress. This cuts down some of the time between the prior and current President switching into office. It also covers the case of an old Congress electing the new President by moving the date to January 3rd. Furthermore, if the President is to die, the Vice President will take over. All of this is important in creating a flow of new officials and the President into office without the previous "lame duck" period. We need something covering these situations in our Constitution so we have clear processes that do not favor old administrations or officials.
The video explains "lame duck" lawmaking where legislators who had lost the upcoming election, they were still free to do what they may until the new President had taken office. This led to legislators becoming empowered to continue their seat in office. This extended period of time led to many more complications than I had previously been aware of and it was insightful to see where the decision for the 20th amendment stemmed from.
This amendment was a longer one so I thought I would include a short summary video of a student the explains the majority of it quickly and succinctly. It includes the date change, references the time of the JFK assassination in which this had to be used, and even questions our current president for impeachment under the 20th. It was a very quick and informative way to learn this amendment!
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